罗伯托M兰市

抽象性 :过去十年快速技术开发以及这些开发带来的回声心机实践变化导致需要更新建议以补充此前出版的心室量化指南,这是美国心机学会和欧洲心机成像协会联合编译组的目标文档提供所有四个心室更新正常值,包括三维回声心电图和心电图变形,并视可能基于从多数据库编译的大得多正常题此外,本文件还试图消除先前发布指南之间存在的若干小差错

抽象性 :院量化写组成员为:Roberto MLang,MD,FASE,MichelleBierig,MPH,RDCS,FASE,RichardB德弗勒斯MDFlachskampf/MD/ElyseFoster/MD/PatriciaAPellikkaMPicard/MD/MaryJRomanMDJMSERWERDShanewise/MD/FASE/ScottD/所罗门MDKORKTSpencer、MD、FASE、Martin StJohnSutton、MD、FASE和WilliamJ斯图尔特MD

抽象性 :心室大小、心电量和函数等数列中最临床重要和最常要求的回声心电图任务近数十年来,回声心电图方法和技术大为改进和扩大,原因是引进高频传感器、调音成像、全数字机、左偏反射器以及其他技术进步此外,应急室、操作室和重症护理单元都使用可移植性多功能回声心学与其它成像技术相比,回声心电测量标准前后不一,不那么成功,因此回声心机测量有时被认为不可靠。美国心电感应学会协同欧洲心电学协会-欧洲心电学学会分会-严格审查文献并更新建议使用回声心电图量化心室这份文件审查技术方面如何对形态和函数进行量化室测量,这是每一次完全回心学检查的一个组成部分。

抽象性 :威廉AZoghbi、MD、FASE(主席)、David Adams、RCS、RDCS、FASE、Robert OBonow、MD、Maurice Enriquez-Sarano、MD、ElyseFoster、MD、FASE和Paul格雷本MDFASEHahn、MD、FASE、YUCHI Han、MD、MMSC*Lang,MD,FASESEStephenH小型MD系统FASE系统DipanJShah、MD、MMSc、* Stanton Shernan、MD、FASE、Paaldinesh Thavediranathan、MD、MSC、FASE*JamesThomas、MD、FASE和NeilJ威斯曼,MD,FASE,休士顿和达拉斯得克萨斯州北卡罗来纳州杜汉芝加哥伊利诺伊州罗切斯特明尼苏达州旧金山加利福尼亚州纽约州费城宾夕法尼亚州波士顿马萨诸塞州多伦多 安大略 加拿大华盛顿

抽象性 :心机成像最适宜评价心力力学,因为它内在动态性betway亚洲Because for decades, echocardiography has been the only imaging modality that allows dynamic imaging of the heart, it is only natural that new, increasingly automated techniques for sophisticated analysis of cardiac mechanics have been driven by researchers and manufacturers of ultrasound imaging equipment.Several such technique shave emerged over the past decades to address the issue of reader's experience and inter measurement variability in interpretation.Some were widely embraced by echocardiographers around the world and became part of the clinical routine,whereas others remained limited to research and exploration of new clinical applications.Two such techniques have dominated the research arena of echocardiography: (1) Doppler based tissue velocity measurements,frequently referred to as tissue Doppler or myocardial Doppler, and (2) speckle tracking on the basis of displacement measurements.Both types of measurements lend themselves to the derivation of multiple parameters of myocardial function.文献的目标是聚焦当前可用技术,允许通过图像分析局部心电流对心电图函数进行量化评估,包括多普勒组织成像和分片跟踪回心学分析以及综合反射分析betway亚洲文档描述这些技术当前和潜在的临床应用及其优缺点,briebly测量部分相关出版文献,同时突出不同心血管病理学中的正常异常发现,汇总未决问题、未来研究优先级和建议临床使用标识

抽象性 :ABCD : Appropriate Blood pressure Control in Diabetes ABI : ankle–brachial index ABPM : ambulatory blood pressure monitoring ACCESS : Acute Candesartan Cilexetil Therapy in Stroke Survival ACCOMPLISH : Avoiding Cardiovascular Events in Combination Therapy in Patients Living with Systolic Hypertension ACCORD : Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes ACE : angiotensin-converting enzyme ACTIVE I : Atrial Fibrillation Clopidogrel Trial with Irbesartan for Prevention of Vascular Events ADVANCE : Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron-MR Controlled Evaluation AHEAD : Action for HEAlth in Diabetes ALLHAT : Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart ATtack ALTITUDE : ALiskiren Trial In Type 2 Diabetes Using Cardio-renal Endpoints ANTIPAF : ANgioTensin II Antagonist In Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation APOLLO : A Randomized Controlled Trial of Aliskiren in the Prevention of Major Cardiovascular Events in Elderly People ARB : angiotensin receptor blocker ARIC : Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ARR : aldosterone renin ratio ASCOT : Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial ASCOT-LLA : Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial—Lipid Lowering Arm ASTRAL : Angioplasty and STenting for Renal Artery Lesions A-V : atrioventricular BB : beta-blocker BMI : body mass index BP : blood pressure BSA : body surface area CA : calcium antagonist CABG : coronary artery bypass graft CAPPP : CAPtopril Prevention Project CAPRAF : CAndesartan in the Prevention of Relapsing Atrial Fibrillation CHD : coronary heart disease CHHIPS : Controlling Hypertension and Hypertension Immediately Post-Stroke CKD : chronic kidney disease CKD-EPI : Chronic Kidney Disease—EPIdemiology collaboration CONVINCE : Controlled ONset Verapamil INvestigation of CV Endpoints CT : computed tomography CV : cardiovascular CVD : cardiovascular disease D : diuretic DASH : Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension DBP : diastolic blood pressure DCCT : Diabetes Control and Complications Study DIRECT : DIabetic REtinopathy Candesartan Trials DM : diabetes mellitus DPP-4 : dipeptidyl peptidase 4 EAS : European Atherosclerosis Society EASD : European Association for the Study of Diabetes ECG : electrocardiogram EF : ejection fraction eGFR : estimated glomerular filtration rate ELSA : European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis ESC : European Society of Cardiology ESH : European Society of Hypertension ESRD : end-stage renal disease EXPLOR : Amlodipine–Valsartan Combination Decreases Central Systolic Blood Pressure more Effectively than the Amlodipine–Atenolol Combination FDA : U.S.Food and Drug Administration FEVER : Felodipine EVent Reduction study GISSI-AF : Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico-Atrial Fibrillation HbA1c : glycated haemoglobin HBPM : home blood pressure monitoring HOPE : Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation HOT : Hypertension Optimal Treatment HRT : hormone replacement therapy HT : hypertension HYVET : HYpertension in the Very Elderly Trial IMT : intima-media thickness I-PRESERVE : Irbesartan in Heart Failure with Preserved Systolic Function INTERHEART : Effect of Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors associated with Myocardial Infarction in 52 Countries INVEST : INternational VErapamil SR/T Trandolapril ISH : Isolated systolic hypertension JNC : Joint National Committee JUPITER : Justification for the Use of Statins in Primary Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin LAVi : left atrial volume index LIFE : Losartan Intervention For Endpoint Reduction in Hypertensives LV : left ventricle/left ventricular LVH : left ventricular hypertrophy LVM : left ventricular mass MDRD : Modification of Diet in Renal Disease MRFIT : Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial MRI : magnetic resonance imaging NORDIL : The Nordic Diltiazem Intervention study OC : oral contraceptive OD : organ damage ONTARGET : ONgoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial PAD : peripheral artery disease PATHS : Prevention And Treatment of Hypertension Study PCI : percutaneous coronary intervention PPAR : peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor PREVEND : Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENdstage Disease PROFESS : Prevention Regimen for Effectively Avoiding Secondary Strokes PROGRESS : Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study PWV : pulse wave velocity QALY : Quality adjusted life years RAA : renin-angiotensin-aldosterone RAS : renin-angiotensin system RCT : randomized controlled trials RF : risk factor ROADMAP : Randomized Olmesartan And Diabetes MicroAlbuminuria Prevention SBP : systolic blood pressure SCAST : Angiotensin-Receptor Blocker Candesartan for Treatment of Acute STroke SCOPE : Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly SCORE : Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation SHEP : Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program STOP : Swedish Trials in Old Patients with Hypertension STOP-2 : The second Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension SYSTCHINA : SYSTolic Hypertension in the Elderly: Chinese trial SYSTEUR : SYSTolic Hypertension in Europe TIA : transient ischaemic attack TOHP : Trials Of Hypertension Prevention TRANSCEND : Telmisartan Randomised AssessmeNt Study in ACE iNtolerant subjects with cardiovascular Disease UKPDS : United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study VADT : Veterans' Affairs Diabetes Trial VALUE : Valsartan Antihypertensive Long-term Use Evaluation WHO : World Health Organization ### 1.1 Principles The 2013 guidelines on hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and the European Society of Cardiology …

抽象性 :过去十年快速技术开发以及这些开发带来的回声心机实践变化导致需要更新建议以补充此前出版的心室量化指南,这是美国心机学会和欧洲心机成像协会联合编译组的目标文档提供所有四个心室更新正常值,包括三维回声心电图和心电图变形,并视可能基于从多数据库编译的大得多正常题此外,本文件还试图消除先前发布指南之间存在的若干小差错

抽象性 :院量化写组成员为:Roberto MLang,MD,FASE,MichelleBierig,MPH,RDCS,FASE,RichardB德弗勒斯MDFlachskampf/MD/ElyseFoster/MD/PatriciaAPellikkaMPicard/MD/MaryJRomanMDJMSERWERDShanewise/MD/FASE/ScottD/所罗门MDKORKTSpencer、MD、FASE、Martin StJohnSutton、MD、FASE和WilliamJ斯图尔特MD

抽象性 :Preamble.E4APDIX1.E121APDENIX2.E122APDENIX3.E124参考.e124