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(Oliver\040L\056\040Phillips\054\040Luiz\040E\056\040O\056\040C\056\040Arago\054\040Simon\040L\056\040Lewis\054\040Joshua\040B\056\040Fisher\054\040Jon\040Lloyd\054\040Gabriela\040Lopez\055Gonzalez\054\040Yadvinder\040Malhi\054\040Abel\040Monteagudo\054\040Julie\040Peacock\054\040Carlos\040A\056\040Quesada\054\040Geertjer\040Van\040Der\040Heijden\054\040Samuel\040Almeida\054\040Ida\040Leo\040do\040Amaral\054\040Luzmila\040Arroyo\054\040Gerardo\040Aymard\054\040Timothy\040R\056\040Baker\054\040Olaf\040Bnki\054\040Lilian\040Blanc\054\040Damien\040Bonal\054\040Paulo\040M\056\040Brando\054\040Jrme\040Chave\054\040Atila\040Alves\040de\040Oliveira\054\040Nallaret\040Davila\040Cardozo\054\040Claudia\040I\056\040Czimczik\054\040Ted\040R\056\040Feldpausch\054\040Maria\040Aparecida\040Freitas\054\040Emanuel\040Gloor\054\040Niro\040Higuchi\054\040E\056\040M\056\040Jimenez\054\040Gareth\040Lloyd\054\040Patrick\040Meir\054\040Casimiro\040Mendoza\054\040Alexandra\040C\056\040Morel\054\040David\040A\056\040Neill\054\040Daniel\040C\056\040Nepstad\054\040Sandra\040Patio\054\040M\056\040C\056\040Peuela\054\040Adriana\040Prieto\054\040Fredy\040Ramrez\054\040Michael\040P\056\040Schwarz\054\040Javier\040Silva\054\040Marcos\040Silveira\054\040Anne\040Sota\040Thomas\054\040Hans\040ter\040Steege\054\040Juliana\040Stropp\054\040Rodolfo\040Vasquez\054\040Przemyslaw\040Zelazowski\054\040Esteban\040Alvarez\040Dvila\054\040Sandy\040J\056\040Andelman\054\040Ana\040Andrade\054\040Kuo\055Jung\040Chao\054\040Terry\040L\056\040Erwin\054\040Anthony\040Di\040Fiore\054\040C\040Eurdice\040Honorio\054\040Helen\040C\056\040Keeling\054\040Timothy\040J\056\040Killeen\054\040William\040F\056\040Laurance\054\040Antonio\040Pea\040Cruz\054\040Nigel\040C\056\040A\056\040Pitman\054\040Percy\040Nez\040Vargas\054\040Hirma\040Ramrez\055Angulo\054\040Agustn\040Rudas\054\040Rafael\040Salamo\054\040Natalino\040Silva\054\040John\040Terborgh\054\040Armando\040Torres\055Lezama) /Subject (Amazon\040forests\040are\040a\040key\040but\040poorly\040understood\040component\040of\040the\040global\040carbon\040cycle\056\040If\054\040as\040anticipated\054\040they\040dry\040this\040century\054\040they\040might\040accelerate\040climate\040change\040through\040carbon\040losses\040and\040changed\040surface\040energy\040balances\056\040We\040used\040records\040from\040multiple\040long\055term\040monitoring\040plots\040across\040Amazonia\040to\040assess\040forest\040responses\040to\040the\040intense\0402005\040drought\054\040a\040possible\040analog\040of\040future\040events\056\040Affected\040forest\040lost\040biomass\054\040reversing\040a\040large\040long\055term\040carbon\040sink\054\040with\040the\040greatest\040impacts\040observed\040where\040the\040dry\040season\040was\040unusually\040intense\056\040Relative\040to\040pre\0552005\040conditions\054\040forest\040subjected\040to\040a\040100\055millimeter\040increase\040in\040water\040deficit\040lost\0405\0563\040megagrams\040of\040aboveground\040biomass\040of\040carbon\040per\040hectare\056\040The\040drought\040had\040a\040total\040biomass\040carbon\040impact\040of\0401\0562\040to\0401\0566\040petagrams\040\0501\0562\040\327\0401015\040to\0401\0566\040\327\0401015\040grams\051\056\040Amazon\040forests\040therefore\040appear\040vulnerable\040to\040increasing\040moisture\040stress\054\040with\040the\040potential\040for\040large\040carbon\040losses\040to\040exert\040feedback\040on\040climate\040change\056) 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